Probate

What is Probate and Why You Need to Know How Texas Probate Law Works

Published on: May 10, 2023 | By David W. Miller

What is Probate and Why You Need to Know How Texas Probate Law Works

Many beneficiaries to a person’s will find themselves becoming familiar with the probate process once they try to access the funds that their loved one has left behind. It can be important to understand the probate process because it is often the vehicle through which a decedent’s assets are passed on, but it can be complicated and, at times, litigious. At McCulloch & Miller, we are committed to making sure all of our clients understand the probate process so that they can know what will happen with their assets (or the assets of their loved ones) in the future.

The Definition of Probate

Probate is the process of managing and administering the property, money, stocks, or other assets in a decedent’s estate. When a person leaves behind a will and asks that their estate be passed along to their named beneficiaries, that estate often must be reviewed by a probate court before the beneficiaries can access the assets. Typically, those involved in probate are the judge, the personal representative of the decedent, and those entitled to receive the decedent’s assets.

What Does Probate Involve?

The first step in the probate process is for the court to receive a petition for probate, indicating that someone has died and that their assets need dividing. At that point, the court mails notice to all named beneficiaries to let them know that the probate process has begun.

So You’ve Been Named as an Executor or Trustee, Now What?

Published on: April 24, 2023 | By McCulloch & Miller, PLLC

Being chosen as an executor or trustee can be a big responsibility, and it is not one that you should take lightly. If someone you know has asked you to serve either as an executor or trustee, that person believes that you will fulfill your duties in a trustworthy manner, consistent with their wishes. There are important takeaways that you should note if you have found yourself in one of these positions; but, as always, the best thing you can do to fully understand your role is to speak with an experienced, dependable estate planning attorney.

An executor is someone appointed to carry out a decedent’s will. A trustee, on the other hand, is appointed when the decedent has organized their assets in the form of a trust. The trustee has ultimate control over the administration of the trust, but he or she has a duty to follow the decedent’s instructions on how exactly to administer the decedent’s property.

The first thing you should do as an executor or trustee is read the documents left by the decedent, whether those documents come in the form of a will or a trust. The decedent might have left co-executors or co-trustees, for example, or might have written specific instructions about what should happen to the assets in the short-term future. There might be time limits on when these assets need to be distributed, and it is important not to delay the initial review of the will or trust.

Texas Probate Avoidance Strategies: How to Structure Your Assets for the Best Possible Outcome

Published on: March 21, 2023 | By David W. Miller

One very common fear among those starting their end-of-life planning is that the Texas probate administration process will be difficult for their family members after they are gone. It is true that probate administration can be complicated, and it is also true that there are ways that individuals can make sure their assets go directly into their beneficiaries’ hands instead of going through a probate court at all. At McCullough & Miller, we offer guidance as to how to structure your assets so that you can make things as simple and straightforward as possible for your loved ones.

As we have addressed on our blog in the past, Texas probate administration is a process by which a judge presides over the distribution of a decedent’s assets. The entire process takes anywhere from three months to several years, and it can get very complicated as a person’s loved ones try to make sure everything is done thoroughly, fairly, and efficiently after that person’s death.

Avoiding the Probate Process Altogether

There are, however, ways to make sure your money goes directly into the hands of your loved ones if you want to bypass the probate process with certain specific assets. For example, you can add what is called a “payable-on-death” designation to your bank accounts. This means that as soon as you die, a person you name will automatically receive whatever money is in that account. This account is then exempt from the probate process entirely.

A Guide to Navigating Texas Probate Administration

Published on: March 15, 2023 | By Thomas W. McCulloch

A Guide to Navigating Texas Probate Administration

When our clients and potential clients come to us after the death of a loved one, there can be a lot to think through in terms of distributing assets and getting affairs in order. One important process is the probate process, which happens when a Texas court distributes any of a decedent’s assets that are not already transferred by trusts or direct payments. The individual’s remaining assets are reviewed by this court, and the judge presides over the distribution process to ensure that everything is done fairly.

Step by Step: The Probate Process

Even if a recently deceased loved one had a will, that person’s estate will likely still have to go through the probate process. This essentially means that the individual’s executor or personal representative must file an application in a Texas court to let the court know that the individual has died and to request the court’s probate administration services.

Next, the court will hold a hearing on the decedent’s estate. Typically, the court will post some kind of announcement informing the public of the upcoming hearing so that anyone that thinks they have a right to be involved in the probate administration can have notice that the hearing will take place. At the hearing, the judge will begin by making sure the decedent’s will is valid and will hold up in court.

The Texas Probate Process Explained

Published on: September 30, 2022 | By David W. Miller

When a person passes on, many of their assets will have to go through probate. Understanding probate, or the process through which a court legally recognizes the death of a person and facilitates the distribution of their assets and the payment of their debts, is crucial to smart estate planning. A skilled estate planning attorney can help walk through this often complicated process.

How to Start the Texas Probate Process

Assuming an individual dies with a will, the executor in the will must file for probate. Generally in Texas, an executor has four years from the date of death to file, though the time frames vary in different local courts. If not, the estate will go through intestate succession, where close family members will receive assets according to predefined rules set out by the state. Simple estates can be probated within 6 months, but contested wills or complicated scenarios can take multiple years.

First, an application for probate is filed. Then, a notice of the probate application will be posted at the courthouse to alert anyone who may contest the will. If no contests are received in approximately two weeks, a hearing will begin. During this hearing, the decedent’s death will be recognized and a judge will validate the will and appoint an administrator or identify the executor.

Community Property’s Impact on Texas Probate

Published on: August 21, 2022 | By Thomas W. McCulloch

If you’re considering your end-of-life plans and want to ensure your family’s safety and comfort, you may already know and understand the need for a last will and testament. Understanding what happens after the will is drafted, however, is crucial to best position your estate for a seamless and hassle-free probate process for your loved ones. This includes understanding the legal classification of your assets.

Probate, or the process of distributing a person’s assets after death, can be a lengthy and complicated process. Through this process, the executor of the estate as named by a will must file an application for probate in the relevant county. Then the court will post notice of that application, opening up the process for contesting a will. Even if there is no contest to the will, a court must still hold a hearing to ensure the validity of the will and appoint the executor. Once the executor is appointed, the process continues—the executor must locate and distribute all assets, notify creditors, and resolve any disputes.

Some assets, however, are not so clearly defined. Even if you have employed a Texas estate planning attorney to minimize the assets that must go through probate, there will likely be assets remaining that must go through this process. These assets may include community property.

How to Avoid Probate in Texas

Published on: April 1, 2022 | By Thomas W. McCulloch

The estate planning process can be complicated for those just beginning since there is a lot to learn. Because of this, most people do not know how probate can impact estate planning overall. Probate is the court administration of an individual’s estate—which occurs after they have passed away. Depending on the amount of planning an individual has done before they die, the probate process may either be smooth or difficult. Below are some common questions and explanations about the probate process and how Texas estate planning attorneys advise their clients on these issues.

What is Probate?

After a person’s death, the court reviews the deceased’s debts in probate—if they had any—and then distributes their remaining assets to loved ones. Most people are surprised that regardless of if the person had a will or not, they will go through the probate process. If the person had a will in place, called a testate, then the process is much easier and is less likely to be questioned. However, if the person did not have a will, called intestate, the process is often much more complicated. This is another reason why it is critical to have an estate plan in place.

What Does it Mean to Die Intestate in Texas?

Published on: March 29, 2022 | By Thomas W. McCulloch

Life happens, we get it. Therefore, most individuals put off estate planning. However, there are major downsides when this is avoided for too long and they unexpectedly pass away. When someone dies without a will, it is called dying intestate. There are many consequences dying intestate in Texas, including that the decedent does not get to choose who will receive their assets— their funds, property, and items. Because there are benefits to drafting an estate plan and ensuring one does not die intestate, below are examples of the dangers of intestate property and resolution to this issue.

What Problems Can Arise from Not Having an Estate Plan?

When someone dies without a will, they do not have the ability to decide who will receive their possessions. This occurred to famous artist Henry Darger, whose family entered into a long-drawn-out legal battle. When Darger died without a will in place, his landlords—who helped bring notoriety to his art—had ownership of his pieces of art, some of which have been appraised at close to $800,000. Now, long-lost relatives of Darger have filed a lawsuit, arguing they are the rightful beneficiaries of his property. The landlords are arguing that Darger told them that they could keep or discard his possessions.

How to Determine if a Particular Asset is Included in a Texas Estate Plan

Published on: January 31, 2022 | By McCulloch & Miller, PLLC

While Texans often have an overview of the estate planning process, most are unclear of the specifics that constitute an estate plan. Many people will then ask whether a certain asset is included in their estate. However, the answer to this question is highly dependent on the asset itself and how the person is defining “their estate”—as estate can have various meanings. Because this designation may be confusing, estate planning attorneys are here to answer these questions and help Texans in crafting their estate plans.

What Assets are in My “Estate?”

When a person passes away, their estate has different meanings depending on the context. It may refer to their estate for estate tax purposes, their probate estate, or whether an asset is able to be passed onto their heirs. Many people are unaware they must pay a tax if their estate is valued over a certain amount. Individuals whose estate is worth more than $12.06 million must pay a federal estate tax. There is no state estate tax in Texas.

The Benefits of Having an Attorney Through Texas Probate Proceedings

Published on: October 13, 2020 | By McCulloch & Miller, PLLC

Under Texas law, the probate process is triggered when a person dies and leaves property without directly transferring ownership to another party. Probate is the process in which a court recognizes a person’s death, resolves debts, and distributes assets according to their will. If the decedent dies with a will, the estate’s representative or executor must file for probate. In situations where a person does not leave a will, the person’s assets and debts will go through intestacy laws.

The probate process requires a court to determine whether a will is valid. After hearing arguments on the will, the court will appoint a person to administer the estate and determine heirs. After determining heirs, the court will notify creditors of the death and allow them to file claims on any debts the estate may owe. After creditors make their claims, the court will distribute assets and resolve any disputes.

Families should understand that there are two main types of probate processes, “independent administration” and “dependent administration.” Independent administration cases tend to be quicker and less expensive. In most cases, however, the will must provide for independent administration. There are ways to get around this requirement if the lawyer or executor makes the appropriate argument to the court. On the other hand, dependent administration of estates occurs when there is any dispute regarding the beneficiaries or asset distribution.