Trusts

What is a Texas Living Trust?

Published on: May 26, 2022 | By David W. Miller

When beginning the estate planning process, most people begin with creating a will and other documents like healthcare directives, medical power of attorney, and funeral arrangements. However, they often forget about living trusts, which have many unique benefits. Unlike a will, a living trust allows an individual to transfer assets to loved ones and avoid the probate court process entirely for the assets placed in the trust. Below are some of the most common questions about living trusts, along with answers to these questions.

What Should I Know About a Living Trust?

A living trust allows the creator—also known as the grantor—to transfer assets to beneficiaries after they have passed away without having those assets go through probate, unlike those bequeathed in a will. The grantor still holds ownership to the assets in the trust until they pass away, meaning the grantor can remove or add assets in the trust—or change the named beneficiary—until their death. Once the grantor dies, the assets are distributed to the beneficiary of the trust.

What Assets Should be Placed in a Trust?

There are some assets that estate planning attorneys recommend placing in a trust, and there are some assets and accounts they recommend do not go in a trust. Some assets that people can fund a trust with include financial accounts, like stocks, mutual funds, bank savings accounts, and money market funds. Property, like a title to a house, can also be put in a trust. While individuals may become hesitant about putting such valuable assets in a trust, it is critical to remember that the trust is revocable, and the assets can be removed at any time. Personal property, like family heirlooms, can also be put in a trust. While most people will instead put these items in a will, a will becomes a matter of public record, unlike a living trust.

How to Incorporate Bypass Trusts in Texas Estate Plans

Published on: May 10, 2022 | By David W. Miller

Because estate planning laws are constantly changing, individuals often wonder if they should be changing their estate plans or utilizing other strategies. Some of these changes are known—such as the reduction of the federal estate tax exemption in 2026—whereas others are passed by Congress last minute and can be difficult to predict. In order to prepare for these changes, estate planning attorneys have recommended two strategies for some married couples hoping to limit their federal estate tax liability: the spousal portability election and bypass trusts. Below is information about both of these strategies, and how they can be helpful to Texas married couples going through the estate planning process.

What is a Bypass Trust?

A bypass trust allows married couples to not have to pay the estate tax on certain assets after one spouse passes away. When one spouse dies, the assets within the estate are split into two separate trusts: a marital trust, and a bypass trust. For those assets placed in the bypass trust, the surviving spouse does not own those assets but can access the trust and utilize some of the funds within it. Someone must act as the trustee of this trust, it can be the surviving spouse, and ensures the assets are divided appropriately into each trust and that the trust’s assets are being carefully managed. The assets not placed in the bypass are placed into the marital trust, which the surviving spouse can access at any time and use the funds as they see fit.

Bypass trusts are useful for individuals hoping to limit their federal estate tax liability because up to $24.12 million in the bypass trust are not subject to the estate tax. And assets in a bypass trust are not overseen by the probate court process. Similarly, assets in a marital trust are not subject to the estate tax at all.

2022 Texas Gift and Estate Tax Changes

Published on: April 26, 2022 | By Thomas W. McCulloch

Because there are proposed and implemented changes every year to the federal and state tax code, Texans should always be vigilant as to how these changes affect their gifting practices and their estate plans. In many cases, without the assistance of an estate planning attorney, these changes may seem minuscule and not even be noticed. However, newly passed laws may have a major impact on Texans and how they should implement their estate plan—plus changes they can make to take advantage of these changes. Below are some of the proposed changes that may occur in 2022 that Texans should be aware of and strategies to combat these changes.

Reduction to the Estate Tax Exemption

In the past year, there were proposals to reduce the estate tax exemption—meaning, lowering the amount after which individuals will need to pay a tax on their estate. The current amount is $12.06 million; however, this past year, there were proposals seeking to reduce the amount to $3.5 million per individual. If the amount were lowered this significantly in the upcoming year, many individuals who currently will not have to pay an estate tax will be forced to. However, even if this proposal is not adopted this year, the current estate tax law is set to reset in 2026 to $5 million—this is unlikely to be changed. Therefore, individuals should start planning and strategizing now if their estate value is around $5 million. Most of the strategies involve reducing the estate amount below the exemption limit—either by putting funds in irrevocable trusts or gifting it to loved ones or charity.

Can You Sue a Texas Trust?

Published on: January 27, 2022 | By McCulloch & Miller, PLLC

When individuals think about creating a trust, they often envision the protection of assets that comes along with such a legal entity. However, they may not consider the lawsuits that may be brought in connection with managing the trust. Being the trustee of a trust is a major responsibility, but if the trustee is not acting according to the trust creator’s wishes, legal action may be brought. Below are common questions and explanations about Texas trusts and when legal actions can—and should—be brought against a trustee.

What is a Trust?

A trust is a legal entity that manages assets on behalf of one or more people who are given the assets, called beneficiaries. The individual who manages the assets in the trust is called a trustee. Being a trustee is a time-consuming and critical role, so a person should not take on this position lightly. It can come with benefits—ensuring the assets in the trust are being distributed and managed according to the trust creator’s wishes—but also drawbacks too.

Common Mistakes Made in Texas Estate Plans

Published on: January 3, 2022 | By McCulloch & Miller, PLLC

Putting together an estate plan is often a long but well-thought-out process. However, last-minute mistakes can lead to future complications. These last-minute mistakes may be changing a designation in the plan at the last second, taking advice from someone and not consulting with their attorney, or not paying attention to changes to applicable laws. Individuals assume their estate plan is setting them up for the future, but if mistakes are made, then the estate plan may not work as intended. Below are two of the most common estate planning mistakes seen by attorneys, along with steps on how to avoid them.

Not Leaving Enough Assets to Fund a Trust

Many people create a trust as part of their estate plan. A trust allows a third party, a trustee, to distribute funds to a named beneficiary. The creator of the trust will provide specific instructions on how funds—or gifts—are to be disbursed to the beneficiary. But when creating a trust, certain individuals forget to make sure there are enough assets in the trust to pay for what has been intended to be given. Estate planning attorneys recommend putting additional funds in the trust in case assets decrease in value over time. Then, the beneficiaries will still be able to receive the amount intended.

Is It Time to Update Your Houston Estate Plan?

Published on: November 12, 2021 | By McCulloch & Miller, PLLC

A federal bill working its way through Congress will have dramatic implications for Texans and their estate plans. Once the bill becomes law, some of the estate planning techniques that have assisted Americans with sizeable estates will no longer be available. Fortunately, there is still time for Houston residents to take advantage of several favorable laws still in place.

Changes to the Gift and Estate Tax

Perhaps the most notable change to the law will be a sweeping reduction in the unified credit amount. The unified credit amount for a married couple is currently $12 million. This means that married estate holders can make a combined total of $12 million tax-free transfers in the form of lifetime gifts and transfers upon death.

Charitable Lead Trusts in Houston

Published on: July 15, 2021 | By McCulloch & Miller, PLLC

Selecting the right legal instrument for a charitable donation can help ensure that your good deed goes unpunished.

One effective but lesser-known instrument for charitable donations is the charitable lead trust (CLT). Donors can set up this type of trust in Houston to provide a stream of income to a particular charity for a pre-specified term, after which the property will revert to selected members of the donor’s family.

Charitable Giving Options

Key Differences Between Wills and Trusts in a Houston Estate Plan

Published on: July 8, 2021 | By McCulloch & Miller, PLLC

The recent increase in unexpected deaths as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic has brought the issue of estate planning to the front of many people’s minds. In planning for the end of their life, asset holders may be confused by the various tools that may be used to divide their estate. Wills and trusts are both estate planning instruments that are used to protect assets and ensure that they are transferred to heirs as a benefactor desires. Wills and trusts are different from one another. Depending on the circumstances and desires of a benefactor, a will or a trust, or both may be appropriate tools for planning their estate.

Last Will and Testament Basics

Wills are the most common and widely understood methods for distributing an estate upon a family member’s death. A will is a written document that expresses the desires of a deceased person. A will only becomes active upon the death of its creator. Wills may include directives about funeral plans or other end-of-life issues besides property division. If a deceased person has minor children in their sole custody, a will can be used to assign guardianship of the children to another party. Absent a guardianship provision in a will, state courts will be responsible for choosing the legal guardian(s) of a deceased person. If a deceased person does not have a will, their minor children are at risk of being placed in the care of someone who they would not wish to assume legal guardianship of the children.

What Is a Texas Spendthrift Trust?

Published on: April 5, 2021 | By McCulloch & Miller, PLLC

When a person has property or assets they would like to pass onto loved ones, their best option is to open a trust to manage their assets. However, there are many types of trusts, so it may be difficult to determine which type of trust is the correct one for an individual and their beneficiaries. One type of trust Texans should consider is a spendthrift trust. A spendthrift trust manages a person’s money and property, so the beneficiary of the trust is unable to sell or misuse the funds by receiving them all at once. By creating a spendthrift trust, the creator of the trust can limit a beneficiary’s access to the entirety of the assets at once—which is especially helpful if they are afraid they may spend the money unwisely.

What Is a Spendthrift Trust and Who Should Use One?

A spendthrift trust limits the ability of the beneficiary—the person who will inherit the property—to access the property or assets that are placed in their name. Instead of directly providing the beneficiary with the assets from the trust, the beneficiary receives the assets through the trustee, a third party who manages the trust. While the way the beneficiary receives the assets depends specifically on the trust, some options include regular payments from the trust, as well as the trustee purchasing goods on behalf of the beneficiary with the assets from the spendthrift trust.

How to Distribute Texas Trust Assets to Beneficiaries

Published on: February 8, 2021 | By McCulloch & Miller, PLLC

While people think about their loved ones receiving their assets—and being financially secure—after their passing, they often do not consider how the loved ones will receive these funds. It may seem simplistic; however, there are a few different ways for loved ones to receive their inheritance. These different methods will all impact how quickly beneficiaries—the individuals who will get the assets after the person’s passing—will receive their inheritance. Below are explanations for the various types of asset distributions utilized by Houston trustees at the end of the estate planning process.

3 Ways To Distribute Assets to Beneficiaries

By creating a trust, a three-party relationship is formed between the grantor—the individual creating the trust, the trustee—the individual who will oversee the trust’s management and ultimately disburse the trust funds—and the beneficiaries. All of these parties play a different role in the estate planning process.